[94], The methods used were alleged to have placed stuntman Bill Weston's life in danger. Following a showing at the 2018 Cannes Film Festival introduced by Nolan, the film had a limited worldwide release at select 70mm-equipped theatres in the summer of 2018,[121][122] followed by a one-week run in North American IMAX theatres (including five locations equipped with 70 mm IMAX projectors). Les formes d'expression non verbales comme la musique et la peinture permettent d'y accéder, mais les mots sont un terrible carcan » dira t-il. ", "WB Uncovers Lost Footage From Kubrick's '2001: A Space Odyssey, "2001: A Space Odyssey â Modern Chairs & Products by Arne Jacobsen Bows at Gibraltar Furniture", "2001: A Space Odyssey-Products by Arne Jacobsen", "Public Eye; 30 Years After '2001': A Furniture Odyssey", "Olivier Mourgue, Designer: (born 1939 in Paris, France)", "2001: A Space Odyssey: Typeset in the Future", "Weird, Unseen Images from the Making of 2001: A Space Odyssey", "The Special Effects of '2001: A Space Odyssey, "Stanley Kubrick 'risked stuntman's life' making 2001: A Space Odyssey", "Stanley Kubrick 'risked stuntman's life' filming 2001: A Space Odyssey", "Dangling on a Wire: A Tale from the Making Of '2001: A Space Odyssey, "2001: A SPACE ODYSSEY Q&A | Keir Dullea & Gary Lockwood | TIFF 2014", "Front Projection for '2001: A Space Odyssey, "A Taste of Blue Food in Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey", "1968: A Roadshow Odyssey- The Original Reserved Seat Engagements Of '2001: A Space Odyssey, "6th Moscow International Film Festival (1969)", "2001 in 70 mm: Pod bay doors look better than ever, still won't open â Stanley Kubrick's sci-fi opus looks better than it has in decades", "Christopher Nolan's Version of Vinyl: Unrestoring '2001, "Christopher Nolan returns Kubrick sci-fi masterpiece '2001: A Space Odyssey' to its original glory", "Experience Stanley Kubrick's '2001: A Space Odyssey' in IMAX for the First Time", "2001: A Space Odyssey's 8K TV broadcast doesn't quite go beyond the infinite", "2001: A Space Odyssey on Warner Home Video", "Behind the Camera on 2001: A Space Odyssey", "All Time Box Office: Domestic Grosses â Adjusted for Ticket Price Inflation", "Hollywood Flashback: In 1968, '2001: A Space Odyssey' Confounded Critics", "BFI | Sight & Sound | Top Ten Poll 2002 â How the directors and critics voted", "How I Learned To Stop Worrying And Love 'Barry Lyndon, "BBC â Films â review â 2001: A Space Odyssey", "Take One: The First Annual Village Voice Film Critics' Poll", "R.I.P. This idea never occurred to me; it seems clear that he triggered the orbiting nuclear bombs harmlessly ...". We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Clarke agreed to this, though apparently he did make several requests for Kubrick to allow him to develop his new plot lines into separate publishable stories while film production continued, which Kubrick consistently denied on the basis of Clarke's contractual obligation to withhold publication until release of the film. Robert Cartwright, Direction artistique : [234][235] Director Christopher Nolan presented a mastered 70 mm print of 2001 for the film's 50th anniversary at the 2018 Cannes Film Festival on 12 May. Their sizes ranged from about two-foot-long models of satellites and the Aries translunar shuttle up to the 55-foot (17 m)-long model of the Discovery One spacecraft. [37] In Michael Benson's 2018 book Space Odyssey: Stanley Kubrick, Arthur C. Clarke, and the Making of a Masterpiece, the actual relation between Clarke and Kubrick was more complex, involving an extended interaction of Kubrick's multiple requests for Clarke to write new plot lines for various segments of the film, which Clarke was expected to withhold from publication until after the release of the film while receiving advances on his salary from Kubrick during film production. ", "Stanley Kubrick Explains The '2001: A Space Odyssey' Ending in Rediscovered Interview", "Incorporating Monsters: Music as Context, Character and Construction in Kubrick's, "Alcott, John (1931â1986) Cinematographer", "2001: A Space Odyssey â The Dawn of Front Projection", https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/04/23/2001-a-space-odyssey-what-it-means-and-how-it-was-made, "2001's Pre- and Post-Premiere Edits by Thomas E Brown", "Kubrick Questions Finally Answered â An in Depth Talk with Leon Vitali", "Warner Bros. It wants to be sublime; it brings a seriousness and transcendence to the visuals. [164] The film ranked 4th in BBC's 2015 list of the 100 greatest American films. Jâai eu lâintention de faire de mon film une expérience intensément subjective qui atteigne le spectateur au niveau le plus intérieur de sa conscience juste comme le fait la musique. Au départ, la musique avait été écrite par Alex North, un compositeur qui avait déjà travaillé pour Kubrick à l'occasion de Spartacus. The Village Voice ranked the film at number 11 in its Top 250 "Best Films of the Century" list in 1999, based on a poll of critics. The screenplay was written by Kubrick and Arthur C. Clarke, and was inspired by Clarke's 1951 short story "The Sentinel" and other short stories by Clarke. "[152] Variety's Robert B. Frederick ('Robe') believed the film was a "[b]ig, beautiful, but plodding sci-fi epic ... A major achievement in cinematography and special effects, 2001 lacks dramatic appeal to a large degree and only conveys suspense after the halfway mark. This would not be addressed on film until the 1984 follow-up 2010: The Year We Make Contact. When Bowman returns to the ship with Poole's body, HAL refuses to let him in, saying "I'm sorry Dave, I'm afraid I can't do that". In a 1980 interview (not released during Kubrick's lifetime), Kubrick explains one of the film's closing scenes, where Bowman is depicted in old age after his journey through the Star Gate: The idea was supposed to be that he is taken in by godlike entities, creatures of pure energy and intelligence with no shape or form. Attached to the set as it rotates 180 degrees, the camera's point of view remains constant, and she appears to walk up the "side" of the circular walkway, and steps, now in an "upside-down" orientation, into a connecting hallway. [112], The 19 minutes of footage Kubrick removed following the world premiere included scenes revealing details about life on Discovery: additional space walks, Bowman retrieving a spare part from an octagonal corridor, elements from the Poole murder sequenceâincluding space-walk preparation and HAL turning off radio contact with Pooleâand a close-up of Bowman picking up a slipper during his walk in the alien room. Eventually, a mono mix-down of North's original recordings was released as a limited-edition CD by Intrada Records.[126]. It was unlikely that Sagan's advice had any direct influence. Comment un critique aussi réputé que Pauline Kael a pu dire dans Harper's Magazine qu'il s'agit d"un film d’un manque d’imagination monumentale" ? [21] Clarke kept a diary throughout his involvement with 2001, excerpts of which were published in 1972 as The Lost Worlds of 2001. Influenced by the monolith, they discover how to use a bone as a weapon and, after their first hunt, return to drive their rivals away with the newly discovered tool. [79] Shortly before Kubrick's death, film critic Alexander Walker informed Kubrick of Mourgue's use of the film, joking to him "You're keeping the price up". [21] Clarke offered Kubrick six of his short stories, and by May 1964, Kubrick had chosen "The Sentinel" as the source material for the film. Sean Sullivan, Le site de L'Etudiant vous propose des milliers d'offres d'emploi en premier emploi à pourvoir très rapidement. [182][40][183][184], A spectrum of diverse interpretative opinions would form after the film's release, appearing to divide theatre audiences from the opinions of critics. "[207], 2001: A Space Odyssey is widely regarded as among the greatest and most influential films ever made. Someone in San Francisco even ran right through the screen screaming: 'It's God!' [224] In 2012, the Motion Picture Editors Guild listed the film as the 19th best-edited film of all time based on a survey of its membership. [238], In July 2020 one of the original costumes from the film, a silver space suit from the Clavius moon base sequence, was sold at auction in Los Angeles for $370,000, exceeding its estimate of $200,000-300,000. [187], Carolyn Geduld writes that what "structurally unites all four episodes of the film" is the monolith, the film's largest and most unresolvable enigma. Cette vaste rêverie poétique au pouvoir de fascination sans précédent qui vous plonge dans un état voisin de l'hypnose, aux perspectives métaphysiques vertigineuses qui stimulent l'imagination du spectateur, est la preuve irréfutable que les seuls artistes exerçant dans les arts dits "sérieux" n'ont pas le monopole du génie et que si l'on accole cet adjectif à des célébrités comme Mozart, Zola ou Manet, on peut aussi bien l'attribuer à un cinéaste. Ernest Archer, Harry Lange, Anthony Masters, Décorateur de plateau : On 23 February 1965, Kubrick issued a press release announcing the title as Journey Beyond The Stars. [168] Both he and Lester del Rey disliked the film's feeling of sterility and blandness in the human encounters amidst the technological wonders, while both praised the pictorial element of the film. For most shots the model was stationary and camera was driven along a track on a special mount, the motor of which was mechanically linked to the camera motorâmaking it possible to repeat camera moves and match speeds exactly. The symbolism of life and death can be seen through the final moments of the film, which are defined by the image of the "Star Child," an in utero foetus that draws on the work of Lennart Nilsson. [196] Christopher Palmer wrote that "the sublime and the banal" coexist in the film, as it implies that to get into space, people had to suspend the "sense of wonder" that motivated them to explore it. It's a continuation, not a discontinuity in that jump. Although convinced that Clarke was "a recluse, a nut who lives in a tree", Kubrick allowed Caras to cable the film proposal to Clarke. In January 1966, the production moved to the smaller MGM-British Studios in Borehamwood, where the live-action and special-effects filming was done, starting with the scenes involving Floyd on the Orion spaceplane;[48] it was described as a "huge throbbing nerve center ... with much the same frenetic atmosphere as a Cape Kennedy blockhouse during the final stages of Countdown. 1 science fiction film on AFI's 10 Top 10. [106], Front projection had been used in smaller settings before 2001, mostly for still photography or television production, using small still images and projectors. In his monograph for BFI analysing the film, Peter Krämer summarised the diverse interpretations as ranging from those who saw it as darkly apocalyptic in tone to those who saw it as an optimistic reappraisal of the hopes of mankind and humanity. As additional "bonus tracks" at the end, the CD includes the versions of "Zarathustra" and Lux Aeterna on the old MGM soundtrack album, an unaltered performance of "Aventures", and a nine-minute compilation of all of HAL's dialogue. It would eventually be released in a limited "roadshow" Cinerama version, then in 70 mm and 35 mm versions. It is the pattern of a great deal of mythology, and that is what we were trying to suggest. Log In. États-Unis, Genres : [167] Ray Bradbury praised the film's photography, but disliked the banality of most of the dialogue, and believed that the audience does not care when Poole dies. Rustica et Système D ont sélectionné pour vous les meilleurs produits dans l’univers du jardinage et du bricolage : livres, magazines, plantes, outils, … Stanley Kubrick, Arthur C. Clarke, Costumes : [41][44] The finale and many of the other discarded screenplay ideas survived in Clarke's novel. [103] The match cut draws a connection between the two objects as exemplars of primitive and advanced tools respectively, and demonstrates humanity's technological progress since the time of early hominids. Sous l’influence d’un mystérieux monolithe noir planté dans le sol qu’ils découvrent un matin, l’inspiration leur vient de se servir d’un os comme d’une arme. Strangelove. 2001 : L'Odyssée de l'Espace ou la lenteur hypnotique Par Loïc GourletUne Un jour, Kubrick a l’idée de faire un film sur la notion d’une vie intelligente extraterrestre. Il se révélera être une porte vers les étoiles et l’infini, à travers laquelle Bowman sera aspiré dans une autre dimension spatio-temporelle à la rencontre d’une intelligence supérieure qui le fera mourir et renaître sous la forme d’un fœtus astral. [46] Ebert writes in his essay on 2001 in The Great Movies: North's [rejected] score, which is available on a recording, is a good job of film composition, but would have been wrong for 2001 because, like all scores, it attempts to underline the actionâto give us emotional cues. Concerned about HAL's behaviour, Bowman and Poole enter an EVA pod so they can talk without HAL overhearing, and agree to disconnect HAL if he is proven wrong. Sagan proposed that the film should simply suggest extraterrestrial superintelligence, rather than depict it. De son vrai nom, Koudriavka, la chienne de 6 kg avait été récupérée dans les rues de Moscou. About half the music in the film appears either before the first line of dialogue or after the final line. The people who like it like it no matter what its length, and the same holds true for the people who hate it. Geoffrey Unsworth, Scénario : In Clarke's novel, HAL malfunctions because of being ordered to lie to the crew of Discovery and withhold confidential information from them, namely the confidentially programmed mission priority over expendable human life, despite being constructed for "the accurate processing of information without distortion or concealment". The film's reviewers and academic critics, by contrast, have tended to understand the film as a pessimistic account of human nature and humanity's future. [35], The screenplay credits were shared whereas the 2001 novel, released shortly after the film, was attributed to Clarke alone. "[67] As was typical of most films of the era released both as a "roadshow" (in Cinerama format in the case of 2001) and general release (in 70-millimetre in the case of 2001), the entrance music, intermission music (and intermission altogether), and postcredit exit music were cut from most prints of the latter version, although these have been restored to most DVD releases. [24] They created the plot for 2001 by integrating several different short story plots written by Clarke, along with new plot segments requested by Kubrick for the film development, and then combined them all into a single script for 2001. The image of the model was cut out of the photographic print and mounted on glass and filmed on an animation stand. He attended the premiere and was "pleased to see that I had been of some help. "[96] When Weston lost consciousness, filming ceased, and he was brought down. ", Cette vaste rêverie poétique au pouvoir de fascination sans précédent qui vous plonge dans un état voisin de l'hypnose, aux perspectives métaphysiques vertigineuses qui stimulent l'imagination du spectateur, est la preuve irréfutable que les seuls artistes exerçant dans les arts dits "sérieux" n'ont pas le monopole du génie et que si l'on accole cet adjectif à des célébrités comme Mozart, Zola ou Manet, on peut aussi bien l'attribuer à un cinéaste. Weston recalled that he filmed one sequence without air-holes in his suit, risking asphyxiation. Télécharger fonds d'écran Étincelle Un Espace de Queue, le singe, le 4k, une étincelle, 2017 film, 3d, animation pour le bureau libre. [107] It opened the next day at the Loew's Capitol in New York and the following day at the Warner Hollywood Theatre in Los Angeles. Les Chimpanzés de l'espace . [189] Similarly, Geduld observes that "the monolith ... has a very simple explanation in Clarke's novel", though she later asserts that even the novel does not fully explain the ending. [112], The original 70-millimetre release, like many Super Panavision 70 films of the era such as Grand Prix, was advertised as being in "Cinerama" in cinemas equipped with special projection optics and a deeply curved screen. [29] Intending to set the film apart from the "monsters-and-sex" type of science-fiction films of the time, Kubrick used Homer's The Odyssey as both a model of literary merit and a source of inspiration for the title. "[228] Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 84 out of 100, based on 25 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". [45] Vincent LoBrutto wrote that Clarke's novel has its own "strong narrative structure" and precision, while the narrative of the film remains symbolic, in accord with Kubrick's final intentions. [40] Kubrick says that Bowman is elevated to a higher level of being that represents the next stage of human evolution. It uplifts. Kubrick approved, but was disappointed with the glassy appearance of the transparent prop on set, leading art director Anthony Masters to suggest making the monolith's surface matte black. Weston claimed Kubrick fled the studio for "two or three days. [43][44] Other changes include a different monolith for the "Dawn of Man" sequence, discarded when early prototypes did not photograph well; the use of Saturn as the final destination of the Discovery mission rather than Jupiter, discarded when the special effects team could not develop a convincing rendition of Saturn's rings; and the finale of the Star Child exploding nuclear weapons carried by Earth-orbiting satellites,[44] which Kubrick discarded for its similarity to his previous film, Dr. Sydney Pollack calls it "groundbreaking", and William Friedkin says 2001 is "the grandfather of all such films". [148] Time provided at least seven different mini-reviews of the film in various issues in 1968, each one slightly more positive than the preceding one; in the final review dated 27 December 1968, the magazine called 2001 "an epic film about the history and future of mankind, brilliantly directed by Stanley Kubrick. Review of, From both a review and a subsequent interview quoted in, Samuel R. Delany's and Lester del Rey's reviews both appear in the 1968 anthology, See especially the essay "Auteur with a Capital A", by James Gilbert, anthologized in, greatest and most influential films ever made, Differences between the film and the novel, 8K Ultra-high definition television version, Best Story and Screenplay â Written Directly for the Screen, Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures, Interpretations of 2001: A Space Odyssey § HAL, Interpretations of 2001: A Space Odyssey § Military nature of orbiting satellites, List of films featuring extraterrestrials, List of incomplete or partially lost films, "Complete National Film Registry Listing | Film Registry | National Film Preservation Board | Programs at the Library of Congress | Library of Congress", "U.S. FILM REGISTRY ADDS 25 'SIGNIFICANT' MOVIES", "The Underview on 2001: A Space Odyssey â Cast and Crew", "2001: A SPACE ODYSSEY 50 FACTS FOR 50 YEARS", "What Made '2001, A Space Odyssey' Such An Influential Film", "Colin Low: A gentleman genius of documentary cinema", "What did Kubrick have to say about what 2001 "means"? The film is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential films ever made. Des singes (ou bien les premiers hommes d’apparence simiesque) ayant des difficultés à se nourrir se disputent un point d’eau. Fearing the later exploitation and recycling of his material in other productions (as was done with the props from MGM's Forbidden Planet), he ordered all sets, props, miniatures, production blueprints, and prints of unused scenes destroyed. And he has no sense of time. Ce film est un chef-d'oeuvre artistique que l'on peut placer au même niveau que par exemple A la recherche du temps perdu de Marcel Proust, les sonates pour violon et piano de Brahms ou bien les Iris de Van Gogh. Le cinéma est aussi un art honorable, ce dont beaucoup doutent encore, à l'instar de la littérature, la peinture ou la musique. Ham, un chimpanzé dans l'espace est un film réalisé par Jérôme-Cécil Auffret avec Brian Quinn, Paul Séré. This required Gary Lockwood to be strapped into a seat while Keir Dullea walked toward him from the opposite side of the wheel as it turned with him. [68], From early in production, Kubrick decided that he wanted the film to be a primarily nonverbal experience[69] that did not rely on the traditional techniques of narrative cinema, and in which music would play a vital role in evoking particular moods. In a similar vein, Tim Dirks ends his synopsis saying "[t]he cyclical evolution from ape to man to spaceman to angel-starchild-superman is complete. It was filmed in Cinerama 360 and shown in the "Moon Dome". Raconté comme cela, le film pourrait paraître mouvementé mais il est important de prévenir le spectateur novice qu'il ne va pas assister à un space opera façon Star Wars, mais qu'il va se trouver devant une oeuvre contemplative au rythme très lent, certaines longues séquences étant absolument dénuées d'action et même de son ! [36], Early drafts included a prologue containing interviews with scientists about extraterrestrial life,[41] voice-over narration (a feature in all of Kubrick's previous films),[a] a stronger emphasis on the prevailing Cold War balance of terror, and a different and more explicitly explained breakdown for HAL. [140] Some critics viewed the original 161-minute cut shown at premieres in Washington D.C., New York, and Los Angeles. In standard cinemas, the film was identified as a 70-millimetre production. Au premier degré, cette expérience hypnotique peut aussi très bien fonctionner même si les tenants et aboutissants resteront toujours obscurs pour certains : un poème n'a pas nécessairement besoin d'être compris pour être apprécié. 13 villain in 100 Years ... 100 Heroes and Villains. Bowman takes another pod to rescue Poole; while he is outside, HAL turns off the life support functions of the three other crewmen in suspended animation, killing them. Cette phrase du réalisateur démontre bien toute la richesse que peut receler ce film mais au lieu de nous donner les réponses toutes faites, il préfère que chacun se fasse sa propre idée sur son sens philosophique ou métaphysique. For the shot of Poole floating into the pod's arms during Bowman's recovery of him, a stuntman on a wire portrayed the movements of an unconscious man and was shot in slow motion to enhance the illusion of drifting through space. Cette petite chienne a été envoyée sur orbite à lâaide dâun missile intercontinental. [26], To heighten the reality of the film, very intricate models of the various spacecraft and locations were built. [c][73][d] Danish designer Arne Jacobsen designed the cutlery used by the Discovery astronauts in the film.[74][75][76]. Elements of the scene were recorded on the same piece of film in separate passes to combine the lit model, stars, planets, or other spacecraft in the same shot. "[171], Since its premiere, 2001: A Space Odyssey has been analysed and interpreted by professional critics and theorists, amateur writers, and science fiction fans. '"[140] "But a few months into the release, they realised a lot of people were watching it while smoking funny cigarettes. [169] Samuel R. Delany was impressed by how the film undercuts the audience's normal sense of space and orientation in several ways. [25][26] Clarke said that his story "Encounter in the Dawn" inspired the film's "Dawn of Man" sequence. Stanley Kubrick made the ultimate science fiction movie, and it is going to be very hard for someone to come along and make a better movie, as far as I'm concerned. In 1991, it was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry.[1][2]. "[144] Louise Sweeney of The Christian Science Monitor felt that 2001 was "a brilliant intergalactic satire on modern technology. "[153] (Sarris reversed his opinion upon a second viewing, and declared, "2001 is indeed a major work by a major artist. Koko was a small, white alien monkey that lived aboard Brainiac'sstar ship. Reporting that "half the audience had left by intermission", Del Rey described the film ("the first of the New Wave-Thing movies, with the usual empty symbols") as dull, confusing, and boring, predicting "[i]t will probably be a box-office disaster, too, and thus set major science-fiction movie making back another ten years". [99], "Not one foot of this film was made with computer-generated special effects. Kubrick said, "It occurred to us that for the Greeks the vast stretches of the sea must have had the same sort of mystery and remoteness that space has for our generation."[30]. [109] Further re-releases followed, giving a cumulative gross of over $60 million in the United States and Canada. [186], For some readers, Clarke's more straightforward novel based on the script is key to interpreting the film. 2001: A Space Odyssey is a 1968 epic science fiction film produced and directed by Stanley Kubrick. The first design for the monolith for the 2001 film was a transparent tetrahedral pyramid. Le RENNWEG 26 est une salle de productions et de spectacles où tous les publics, toutes tranches dââge et ⦠Floyd and others ride in a Moonbus to the artefact, a monolith identical to the one encountered by the ape-men.
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