After receiving their commission, the governor-general takes an Oath of Allegiance to the monarch and an Oath of Office, undertaking to serve Australia's monarch "according to law, in the office of governor-general of the Commonwealth of Australia". [26], Australian Solicitor-General Maurice Byers stated in 1974: "The constitutional prescription is that executive power is exercisable by the governor-general although vested in the Queen. In 1947, Labor appointed a second Australian Governor-General, William McKell, who was in office as the Labor Premier of New South Wales. Defence Minister Malcolm Fraser, who opposed the call out, was responsible for informing Hasluck of the prime minister's lack of consultation. Ces décisions prises officiellement par la reine sont en fait de la seule responsabilité du gouverneur général. Cette vacance peut correspondre à une démission temporaire comme cela est le cas avec l'archevêque Peter Hollingworth. Sir Isaac Isaacs and Sir Zelman Cowen were Jewish; Bill Hayden was an avowed atheist[17] during his term and he made an affirmation rather than swear an oath at the beginning of his commission; the remaining Governors-General have been at least nominally Christian. Au Royaume-Uni, les pouvoirs de réserve de la Couronne ne sont pas explicitement spécifiés dans une loi et sont d'un ressort purement conventionnel mais en Australie, ces pouvoirs sont clairement explicités dans la Constitution mais leur utilisation est sujet à discussion. Le poste de gouverneur général fut imaginé pendant les discussions et débats qui conduisirent à la création de la fédération australienne. The statement was later issued by the Prime Minister's Press Office. In 1989, Bill Hayden, a republican, declined appointment to the British Privy Council and any imperial honours. « Sa Majesté est à la tête de l'État, mais, j'en suis son représentant (de l'État ou de la Reine (? That role can become controversial, however, if the Governor-General becomes unpopular with sections of the community. Cette commission concluait que: « le gouverneur général n'était en aucun cas un représentant de la reine. The right of governors-general to make state visits was confirmed at the 1926 Imperial Conference, as it was deemed not feasible for the sovereign to pay state visits on behalf of countries other than the United Kingdom. En 1975, le Premier ministre travailliste, Gough Whitlam, demande à la reine que Colin Hannah, alors gouverneur du Queensland et administrateur, soit révoqué de son poste pour avoir fait des déclarations publiques pour soutenir la coalition d'opposition de partis de droite. Le gouverneur général préside le "Conseil des Ministres"[17]. [37] No formal declarations of war have been made since World War II, although in 1973 the Whitlam Government advised the Governor-General to proclaim the end of Australia's involvement in Vietnam, despite the lack of an initiating proclamation. [12] In 1925, under Prime Minister Stanley Bruce, the same practice was followed for the appointment of Forster's successor Lord Stonehaven, with the Australian government publicly stating that his name "had been submitted, with others, to the Commonwealth ministry, who had selected him".[13]. Puis, petit à petit, on fit admettre que le gouverneur général devait être un citoyen du pays concerné et qu'il devait être désigné par le gouvernement du pays en question sans intervention du gouvernement britannique. Sir Isaac Isaacs was successively Commonwealth Attorney-General, a High Court judge, and Chief Justice. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 26 août 2020 à 12:36. In our opinion it is an essential consequence of the equality of status existing among the members of the British Commonwealth of Nations that the Governor-General of a Dominion is the representative of the Crown, holding in all essential respects the same position in relation to the administration of public affairs in the Dominion as is held by His Majesty the King in Great Britain, and that he is not the representative or agent of His Majesty's Government in Great Britain or of any Department of that Government. The Governor-General appoints an Official Secretary, who in turn appoints other staff. Elles concernent : L'article 68 dit que « le commandement en chef des Forces armées... est assuré par le gouverneur général qui agit en tant que représentant de la reine »[20]. S'il est officiellement le représentant du monarque auprès du Commonwealth australien, son pouvoir n'est pas un simple pouvoir de représentation. la nomination (ou le renvoi) des ministres (article 64). Eyewear manunfacturer since 1878, Gouverneur Audigier offers handmade and customizable frames made in France. [clarification needed]. On attendait des gouverneurs qu'ils exercent un contrôle sur le gouvernement australien comme le faisaient les gouverneurs coloniaux. … Version originale : "Privy Council of the United Kingdom". The following year, as Ronald Munro Ferguson's term was about to expire, Hughes cabled the Colonial Office and asked that the appointment be made in accordance with the memorandum. Lord Northcote was Governor of Bombay. Historically the Governor-General has also served as Chief Scout of Australia. He was appointed in July 1900, returning to Australia shortly before the inauguration of the Commonwealth of Australia on 1 January 1901. [25] The constitution also provides that the governor-general is the monarch's "representative" in exercising the executive power of the Commonwealth (section 61) and as commander-in-chief of the armed forces (section 68). [32] This view was also held by Senior Judge of the Supreme Court of Tasmania Andrew Inglis Clark, who, with W. Harrison Moore (a contributor to the first draft of the constitution put before the 1897 Adelaide Convention and professor of law at the University of Melbourne), postulated that the letters patent and the royal instructions issued by Queen Victoria were unnecessary "or even of doubtful legality". Such assent has usually been given during a scheduled visit to Australia by the Queen. In an address to the Sydney Institute, January 2007, in connection with that event, Sir David Smith, a retired Official Secretary to the Governor-General of Australia who had been Kerr's Official Secretary in 1975, described the constitution as conferring the powers and functions of Australia's head of state on the Governor-General in "his own right". B. M. Hertzog, who had recently insisted on his choice of the Earl of Clarendon as governor-general of that country, and the selection of an Irishman as governor-general of the Irish Free State. Only one governor-general, Dame Quentin Bryce (2008–2014), has been a woman. Par convention, la décision ne peut être prise qu'avec l'accord du Premier ministre qui a la possibilité de nommer immédiatement un nouveau gouverneur ou de laisser le poste vacant. Scullin was partially influenced by the precedent set by the Government of the Irish Free State, which always insisted upon having an Irishman as the Governor-General of the Irish Free State. [23] By convention, the longest-serving state governor holds a dormant commission, allowing an assumption of office to commence whenever a vacancy occurs. En 2004, le gouverneur général Michael Jeffery a affirmé que : « Sa Majesté est à la tête de l'État, mais j'en suis son représentant (de l'État ou de la Reine (? À côté de ses fonctions constitutionnelles, le gouverneur général a un important rôle cérémonial. [34] Governors-General generally become patrons of various charitable institutions, present honours and awards, host functions for various groups of people including ambassadors to and from other countries, and travel widely throughout Australia. [20] Until 2001, Governors-General did not pay income tax on their salary; this was changed after the Queen agreed to pay tax.[19]. Le Premier ministre d'Australie (en anglais : Prime Minister of Australia, couramment appelé PM ou Prime) est le chef de gouvernement australien et est en pratique le plus important de par ses fonctions de tous les postes politiques du Commonwealth d'Australie. [35] There is some ambiguity with regard to the role of the Governor-General in declarations of war. In 1930, King George V and the Australian Prime Minister James Scullin discussed the appointment of a new Governor-General to replace Lord Stonehaven, whose term was coming to an end. [46] The Biosecurity (Human Biosecurity Emergency) (Human Coronavirus with Pandemic Potential) Declaration 2020 was declared by Governor-General David Hurley under Section 475 of the Act. H of R. 138, 24 August 1984, p. 380. Statement by the Prime Minister to the House of Representatives, Parliamentary Debates, Vol. Both of these appointments had been agreed to despite British government objections. Sauter à la navigation Sauter à la recherche. Le projet devient alors loi. La personne est ensuite nommée par le monarque. The royal assent brings such laws into effect, as legislation, from the date of signing. Même pour désigner le Premier ministre, après les élections, le gouverneur général se contente le plus souvent de choisir le chef du parti ou de la coalition de partis ayant le plus grand nombre d'élus à la Chambre des représentants[12]. Il fut nommé en juillet 1900 et revint en Australie peu de temps avant la création de la fédération australienne le 1er janvier 1901. En 1901, elle est maintenue quand la colonie devient un État du Commonwealth d'Australie. (However, it became very clear in a conversation between Scullin and King George V's Private Secretary, Lord Stamfordham, on 11 November 1930, that this was merely the official reason for the objection, with the real reason being that an Australian, no matter how highly regarded personally, was not considered appropriate to be a governor-general.) [45], In addition to the formal constitutional role, the Governor-General has a representative and ceremonial role, though the extent and nature of that role has depended on the expectations of the time, the individual in office at the time, the wishes of the incumbent government, and the individual's reputation in the wider community. Toutes ces fonctions sont exercées selon la Constitution australienne et appliquées au nom de la reine. The King approved Scullin's choice, albeit with some displeasure. En dépit de l'accord apparent de la population à cette décision aux élections qui s'ensuivirent, les circonstances qui ont accompagné la démission du Premier ministre restent sujet à controverse. When travelling abroad, the governor-general is seen as the representative of Australia, and of the Queen of Australia. En 1947, le parti travailliste revenu au pouvoir nomma à nouveau un gouverneur général australien, William John McKell. En 2003, l'archevêque Peter Hollingworth se retire provisoirement de ses fonctions après des accusations portées contre lui, puis démissionne « pour protéger la fonction de vice-roi de controverses persistantes ». She was in office when, on 19 March 2014, the Queen, acting on the advice of Prime Minister Tony Abbott, amended the letters patent of the Order of Australia to provide, inter alia, that the governor-general would be, ex officio, Principal Knight or Principal Dame of the Order.
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